Morand was a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, preparing him for a diplomatic career, and also attended Oxford University.
A member of the upper class and married into wealth, he held various diplomatic posts and traveled widely. His was typical of those in his social group who enjoyed lives of privilege and entitlement, adhering to the inevitability and desirability of class distinction.
Morand espoused a reflexive adherence to racial, ethnic and anti-Semitic ideologies. His intellectual influences included the writing of Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler, and the author of a treatise on the superiority of the white race, Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. During World War II, he pledged allegiance to the French Vichy regime, and became a government functionary, and Nazi collaborator. He served as Vichy ambassador in Romania and Switzerland during World War II.
He was a patron and inspirational figure for the Hussards literary movement, which opposed Existentialism.
Morand made four bids for admission to the prestigious Académie française and was finally accepted in 1968, over the protest of Charles de Gaulle.
***
Paul Morand (March 13, 1888 – July 24, 1976) was a French author whose short stories and novellas were lauded for their style, wit and descriptive power. His most productive literary period was the inter-war period of the 1920s and 1930s. He was much admired by the upper echelons of society and the artistic avant-garde who made him a cult favorite. He has been categorized as an early Modernist, and Imagist.
Morand was a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, preparing him for a diplomatic career, and also attended Oxford University.
A member of the upper class and married into wealth, he held various diplomatic posts and traveled widely. His was typical of those in his social group who enjoyed lives of privilege and entitlement, adhering to the inevitability and desirability of class distinction.
Morand espoused a reflexive adherence to racial, ethnic and anti-Semitic ideologies. His intellectual influences included the writing of Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler, and the author of a treatise on the superiority of the white race, Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. During World War II, he pledged allegiance to the French Vichy regime, and became a government functionary, and Nazi collaborator. He served as Vichy ambassador in Romania and Switzerland during World War II.
He was a patron and inspirational figure for the Hussards literary movement, which opposed Existentialism.
Morand made four bids for admission to the prestigious Académie française and was finally accepted in 1968, over the protest of Charles de Gaulle.
Contents
[hide]Early years[edit]
Source material indicates that Morand was born in Russia to French parents who subsequently moved to Paris. Morand's father, Eugène Morand was a playwright and painter. The elder Morand was a curator at the Louvre and served as director of the École des Arts Décoratifs. The Morand home was a gathering place for the social elite and those notable in the arts and literature. Jules Massenet, composer of popular operas of the era, sculptor Auguste Rodin and writer Oscar Wilde were guests. As a youth Morand was introduced to such luminaries as the actress Sarah Bernhardt, and poet Stéphane Mallarmé. The multi-faceted writer and diplomat, Jean Giraudoux was his tutor and became a lifelong friend. His father allied himself with those who believed in the innocence of Alfred Dreyfus, yet maintained a policy of banning Jews from the Morand home.[1][2]Morand, a man of fin de siècle sensibilities, believed in the credo of "art for art's sake." He was ingrained with a deep pessimism, influenced by his father's cautionary advice to "be always distrustful". He was an intellectual proponent of Friedrich Nietzsche, and Oswald Spengler espousing the philosophers’ belief in the decadence and decline of civilization. For Morand class distinctions spoke to the natural order of a civilized society and he subscribed to theories based on the superiority/inferiority of race. He was influenced by the writing of Joseph Arthur de Gobineau, an aristocrat, who presented his case for the superiority of the white race in an essay written in 1853, "Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races".[1][3]
Morand was sent to study at Oxford University. In 1913 he was appointed cultural attaché to the French Embassy in London. His sojourn in England brought him into acquaintance with the prominent members of British society and aristocracy.[1][2]
Morand often dined at the Hôtel Ritz in the company of Marcel Proust and his confidante, the Princess Hélène Soutzo. The Princess, born Hélène Chrissoveloni, was the daughter of a prominent Greek merchant banker. At the time she made Morand's acquaintance she was married to an aristocrat of Greek-Romanian extraction, Prince Dimitri Soutzo. Morand and Princess Soutzo had an extended romantic liaison; she divorced her husband in 1924 and married Morand in 1927.[4]
World War I[edit]
Morand served briefly in the military prior to the outbreak of World War I, but managed to avoid active service in the hostilities and was assigned to the reserve corps. An avid, active sportsman, he had failed his medical exam as unfit for service. Many attributed this exemption to the intervention and influence held by his mistress, Princess Hélène Soutzo. His wealth allowed Morand to travel and indulge his interests in fast cars, fine horses, and women.[1]During the war years, Morand's life of privilege continued unabated. He frequented the theatres, attended and gave lavish entertainments, and dined in the best restaurants. The years 1914 through 1918 were spent living alternately in England, Rome, Madrid and Paris. Morand cultivated the Dada and avant-garde art movements. It was in 1917 that he met Jean Cocteau at the premier of Cocteau's ballet "Parade", whose musical score had been composed by Erik Satie and its production design executed by Pablo Picasso.[1][2]
He wrote of his political sympathies during World War I in a journal he kept for the years 1916-1917, which appeared in a volume not published until 1948. Morand, like his compatriot, French politician Joseph Caillaux, was committed to effectuating a conciliatory relationship with the Germans—in essence the negotiation of a separate peace.[1]
Inter-war period[edit]
His post-war life continued much as it had. A tradition of "Saturday dinners" had been established with Cocteau and his circle, congregating at the newly in vogue jazz milieu of the Paris cabaret, "Le Boeuf sur le Toit".[1] Morand and the couturiere Coco Chanel traveled in the same social circles and he became her friend and confidante.[5]In 1925, Morand was posted in the French legation in Bangkok, Thailand. He used this posting as a jumping off point for extensive travel. He documented his perceptions filtered through a mindset of the privileged European who lived to the fullest a life of entitlement. He disparaged the cultures of countries through which his travels took him. He had strong theories on race, decrying that the world was becoming a "foul age of the half-caste". He derided democracy, bemoaning that Europe had become impotent, in his eyes, "egotistical, democratic, divided."[1]
Morand had a brief stint in the French cinema. During this period he met eighteen -year old actress, Josette Day, (later "Belle" in Cocteau's film La Belle et la Bête, ) who became his mistress.[1] Morand had been hired to collaborate with Alexandre Arnoux on a scenario for a proposed project, Don Quichotte, to star the opera singer Feodor Chaliapin. The French version of the film Don Quichotte was reviewed by The New York Times upon its opening in New York. Herbert L. Matthews writing for the newspaper, criticized the Morand/Arnoux script but called it "an admirable film", attributable to the talents of director G. W. Pabst and its lead player Chaliapin.[6]
It was a time when many were fleeing Nazi Germany, a proportion of those in the arts, many of them Jewish, taking refuge in France. Morand saw these exiles as unwanted interlopers. He penned a veiled, anti-Semitic, "xenophobic diatribe." titled "France la Doulce", replete with quaint, antique vocabulary. He demonized these emigrants (i.e. Jews) as "pirates" whether naturalized or not, called them "scum".[1]
In October 1933, he wrote an article for a new weekly periodical edited by Henri Massis, who had a long-standing alliance with the anti-Semitic, political monarchists, Action Française. Morand alerted the French populace to the peril that was forthcoming:
- "At this time, every country except ours is killing its vermin...Don't let us leave Hitler to pride himself on being the only person to undertake the moral rehabilitation of the West."[1]
World War II[edit]
In August 1939, Morand was sent to London, assigned to a responsible post at the French embassy. In a prime position to ally himself with Charles de Gaulle and the Free French Forces, Morand instead deserted his post. He relocated to Vichy and swore allegiance to the Vichy government. Such a defection was in keeping with Morand's ideology and his long-term admiration for Philippe Pétain, and association with the daughter of Pierre Laval, the Comtesse de Chambrun.[1]He divided his time between Paris and Vichy, moving freely between the occupied and collaborationist sections of France. In 1941 he rallied against the hedonism of the French, championing the virtues of patriotism, vitality and the [Nietzschean] "...feeling of life" demonstrated by the Nazis. Morand and his pro-German wife welcomed into their Paris mansion the artists sanctioned and lauded by the Nazi regime, such as Arno Breker, Hitler's favorite sculptor, and Ernst Jünger, whose novels glorified warfare.
In 1943 the Vichy government appointed Morand ambassador to Romania. His tenure in Bucharest earned him no diplomatic distinction. He spent his time using his stature to benefit his own interests, and plunder the embassy. During air raids over Bucharest in 1944, Morand fled. He was subsequently transferred to Bern, Switzerland where he and his wife remained after the war.[1]
Post-World War II[edit]
At war's end he was charged with collaboration with the enemy, yet other than having his government pension revoked, he suffered no further penalty.[1]He spent his following years residing in Switzerland, Tangiers, the Hôtel de Crillon, and his wife's opulent Paris home.[1]
Later years[edit]
Morand became an inspirational figure for a literary group who espoused their views in the anti-Existentialist journal The Hussards, founded by his friend Roger Nimier.[1]Morand had sought election into the Académie française in the years 1939 and in 1941, and both times his bid was denied. He attempted to achieve this prestigious distinction again in 1958. This third attempt illuminated the record of this wartime activities and generated an organized opposition to his membership. Charles DeGaulle vetoed his admission. Morand ultimately was granted membership in 1968, but was denied the formal ceremonies that traditionally accompanied the investiture of new members—DeGaulle refused to receive him at the Elysée Palace.[1]
It is believed that Morand never re-assessed his elitist worldview and political ideology, resolutely retaining his mindset until the end of his life. In interviews he consistently contrived to evade any references to World War II. It is further posited that he and his wife had used their position to make some attempts to aid Jewish friends, but that this was done to dramatize the influence and power they held in the Nazi regime, rather than a demonstration of their humanity. He never came to recognize the suffering, which millions endured under totalitarianism.[1]
Legacy[edit]
Ezra Pound, who was then living in Paris, translated his first volume of short stories titled, Tendre Stocks, into English. Marcel Proust supplied the preface. With the publication of two volumes of short stories, Lampes à arc (Arc-Lamps) and Feuilles de température, (Temperature Records), he gained attention and praise that garnered renewed interest in his earlier work. His output was prolific in the inter-war period of the 1920s and 1930s, and tapered off during World War II.[2]Morand made four trips to New York City between 1925 and 1929. He attended soirees which such American cultural notables as Carl Van Vechten, F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda, Louise Bryant and her future husband, diplomat William Bullitt.[7]
In 1930, Morand published his observations of the Manhattan scene in "New-York." Morand explains that he wrote strictly from the viewpoint of the foreign visitor for the foreign reader; he "followed no other method of telling about New York than to show what pleased me." [8]
Reviewing the book, one critic noted that Morand "keeps on repeating the contemporary bromide that ‘the Jews own New York, the Irish run it, and the Negroes enjoy it...Italians hardly can be assimilated.’" Speakeasies, Morand had concluded: "I can not think of anything sadder." New York City's theatre/entertainment district, the Broadway thoroughfare and its central hub Times Square, suggested to Morand an apocalyptic future:[8]
- "[Broadway is] a profanation of everything of music, of art, of love, of colors. Here I have a complete vision of the end of the world." [8]
- "I love New York because it is the greatest city in the universe...the only people who after the war [World War I] went on building...besides Italy, who do not demolish but construct."[8]
In 1945, Morand traveled to St. Moritz at the request of Coco Chanel who had enlisted him to write her memoirs. The result was "The Allure of Chanel", a slim volume promoted as a conversation between the author and his subject.
Morand's post-World War II literary output concentrated on historical novellas. He devised exotic locales and historical events as metaphors for contemporary politics — "decoding the past as a link to the present." The plots, replete with counter-revolutionaries, nobility unjustly victimized, highlighted collaborationist heroes seeking redemption. In these works Morand was making a case for himself; his fictional characters serving as proxies for an apologist justification of his own wartime activity. "...Many of Morand's historical figures...[can be] likened to a comedian, accidentally thrust into the unfolding drama of history...a comedy of errors...[the characters] merely symbols." Parfait de Saligny appeared in 1946. La Flagellant de Séville, 1946, draws parallels between the Napoleonic wars and the Nazi occupation of Europe. La Folle amoureuse, Montociel: le rajah aux grandes Indes, were published in 1947.[10]
Not all critics were laudatory. While acknowledging his masterful use of language, they cited the lack of substance in his observations and tendency towards generalizations. It was said his characters were not fully realized portraits but presented to the reader as exaggerated personages, crafted for effect.[2]
Over time, critical appraisal of Morand's work has undergone revision. While recognized for his technique, the content of his work has been faulted for its lack of insightful analysis of a people in cultural context, instead relying on generalizations and stereotype. His work speaks to the:
- "marked insistence on reinforcing preconceptions about national characteristics...It "conveys not just a failure of humane sympathy but a political outlook that posits the Spenglerian collapse of Western civilization into chaos." [1]
Death[edit]
Morand died in Paris on July 24, 1976, at the age of eighty-eight.Bibliography[edit]
- Fouquet ou Le Soleil offusqué, éditions Gallimard, Paris, 1961
- Tendres Stocks (1921–24), translated into English as Fancy Goods by Ezra Pound[11] – 'fond memories of women Morand had known before and during the 1914-18 War' [12]
- Ouvert la nuit (1922)
- Fermé la nuit (1923)
- Bouddha vivant (1928)
- L'Europe galante
- Bucarest (1935)
- L'Homme pressé (1941)
- Le Bazar de la Charité (1944)
- Venises (1970)
- Journal inutile (mémoires, en 2 volumes, 2002)
- Rien que la terre
- Magie noire (1927)
- Paris-Tombouctou
- New York (1929)
- Champions du monde (1930)
- Papiers d'identité (1930)
- Air indien
- Londres
- Rococo
- La Route des Indes
- L'heure qu'il est, chroniques de cet infatigable voyageur
- Le Dernier Jour de l'Inquisition
- Le Flagellant de Séville
- Le Coucou et le Roitelet
- L'Eau sous les ponts
- Hécate et ses chiens
- La Folle amoureuse
- Fin de siècle (1957)
- Nouvelles d'une vie
- Les Écarts amoureux
Contents
[hide]Early years[edit]
Source material indicates that Morand was born in Russia to French parents who subsequently moved to Paris. Morand's father, Eugène Morand was a playwright and painter. The elder Morand was a curator at the Louvre and served as director of the École des Arts Décoratifs. The Morand home was a gathering place for the social elite and those notable in the arts and literature. Jules Massenet, composer of popular operas of the era, sculptor Auguste Rodin and writer Oscar Wilde were guests. As a youth Morand was introduced to such luminaries as the actress Sarah Bernhardt, and poet Stéphane Mallarmé. The multi-faceted writer and diplomat, Jean Giraudoux was his tutor and became a lifelong friend. His father allied himself with those who believed in the innocence of Alfred Dreyfus, yet maintained a policy of banning Jews from the Morand home.[1][2]Morand, a man of fin de siècle sensibilities, believed in the credo of "art for art's sake." He was ingrained with a deep pessimism, influenced by his father's cautionary advice to "be always distrustful". He was an intellectual proponent of Friedrich Nietzsche, and Oswald Spengler espousing the philosophers’ belief in the decadence and decline of civilization. For Morand class distinctions spoke to the natural order of a civilized society and he subscribed to theories based on the superiority/inferiority of race. He was influenced by the writing of Joseph Arthur de Gobineau, an aristocrat, who presented his case for the superiority of the white race in an essay written in 1853, "Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races".[1][3]
Morand was sent to study at Oxford University. In 1913 he was appointed cultural attaché to the French Embassy in London. His sojourn in England brought him into acquaintance with the prominent members of British society and aristocracy.[1][2]
Morand often dined at the Hôtel Ritz in the company of Marcel Proust and his confidante, the Princess Hélène Soutzo. The Princess, born Hélène Chrissoveloni, was the daughter of a prominent Greek merchant banker. At the time she made Morand's acquaintance she was married to an aristocrat of Greek-Romanian extraction, Prince Dimitri Soutzo. Morand and Princess Soutzo had an extended romantic liaison; she divorced her husband in 1924 and married Morand in 1927.[4]
World War I[edit]
Morand served briefly in the military prior to the outbreak of World War I, but managed to avoid active service in the hostilities and was assigned to the reserve corps. An avid, active sportsman, he had failed his medical exam as unfit for service. Many attributed this exemption to the intervention and influence held by his mistress, Princess Hélène Soutzo. His wealth allowed Morand to travel and indulge his interests in fast cars, fine horses, and women.[1]During the war years, Morand's life of privilege continued unabated. He frequented the theatres, attended and gave lavish entertainments, and dined in the best restaurants. The years 1914 through 1918 were spent living alternately in England, Rome, Madrid and Paris. Morand cultivated the Dada and avant-garde art movements. It was in 1917 that he met Jean Cocteau at the premier of Cocteau's ballet "Parade", whose musical score had been composed by Erik Satie and its production design executed by Pablo Picasso.[1][2]
He wrote of his political sympathies during World War I in a journal he kept for the years 1916-1917, which appeared in a volume not published until 1948. Morand, like his compatriot, French politician Joseph Caillaux, was committed to effectuating a conciliatory relationship with the Germans—in essence the negotiation of a separate peace.[1]
Inter-war period[edit]
His post-war life continued much as it had. A tradition of "Saturday dinners" had been established with Cocteau and his circle, congregating at the newly in vogue jazz milieu of the Paris cabaret, "Le Boeuf sur le Toit".[1] Morand and the couturiere Coco Chanel traveled in the same social circles and he became her friend and confidante.[5]In 1925, Morand was posted in the French legation in Bangkok, Thailand. He used this posting as a jumping off point for extensive travel. He documented his perceptions filtered through a mindset of the privileged European who lived to the fullest a life of entitlement. He disparaged the cultures of countries through which his travels took him. He had strong theories on race, decrying that the world was becoming a "foul age of the half-caste". He derided democracy, bemoaning that Europe had become impotent, in his eyes, "egotistical, democratic, divided."[1]
Morand had a brief stint in the French cinema. During this period he met eighteen -year old actress, Josette Day, (later "Belle" in Cocteau's film La Belle et la Bête, ) who became his mistress.[1] Morand had been hired to collaborate with Alexandre Arnoux on a scenario for a proposed project, Don Quichotte, to star the opera singer Feodor Chaliapin. The French version of the film Don Quichotte was reviewed by The New York Times upon its opening in New York. Herbert L. Matthews writing for the newspaper, criticized the Morand/Arnoux script but called it "an admirable film", attributable to the talents of director G. W. Pabst and its lead player Chaliapin.[6]
It was a time when many were fleeing Nazi Germany, a proportion of those in the arts, many of them Jewish, taking refuge in France. Morand saw these exiles as unwanted interlopers. He penned a veiled, anti-Semitic, "xenophobic diatribe." titled "France la Doulce", replete with quaint, antique vocabulary. He demonized these emigrants (i.e. Jews) as "pirates" whether naturalized or not, called them "scum".[1]
In October 1933, he wrote an article for a new weekly periodical edited by Henri Massis, who had a long-standing alliance with the anti-Semitic, political monarchists, Action Française. Morand alerted the French populace to the peril that was forthcoming:
- "At this time, every country except ours is killing its vermin...Don't let us leave Hitler to pride himself on being the only person to undertake the moral rehabilitation of the West."[1]
World War II[edit]
In August 1939, Morand was sent to London, assigned to a responsible post at the French embassy. In a prime position to ally himself with Charles de Gaulle and the Free French Forces, Morand instead deserted his post. He relocated to Vichy and swore allegiance to the Vichy government. Such a defection was in keeping with Morand's ideology and his long-term admiration for Philippe Pétain, and association with the daughter of Pierre Laval, the Comtesse de Chambrun.[1]He divided his time between Paris and Vichy, moving freely between the occupied and collaborationist sections of France. In 1941 he rallied against the hedonism of the French, championing the virtues of patriotism, vitality and the [Nietzschean] "...feeling of life" demonstrated by the Nazis. Morand and his pro-German wife welcomed into their Paris mansion the artists sanctioned and lauded by the Nazi regime, such as Arno Breker, Hitler's favorite sculptor, and Ernst Jünger, whose novels glorified warfare.
In 1943 the Vichy government appointed Morand ambassador to Romania. His tenure in Bucharest earned him no diplomatic distinction. He spent his time using his stature to benefit his own interests, and plunder the embassy. During air raids over Bucharest in 1944, Morand fled. He was subsequently transferred to Bern, Switzerland where he and his wife remained after the war.[1]
Post-World War II[edit]
At war's end he was charged with collaboration with the enemy, yet other than having his government pension revoked, he suffered no further penalty.[1]He spent his following years residing in Switzerland, Tangiers, the Hôtel de Crillon, and his wife's opulent Paris home.[1]
Later years[edit]
Morand became an inspirational figure for a literary group who espoused their views in the anti-Existentialist journal The Hussards, founded by his friend Roger Nimier.[1]Morand had sought election into the Académie française in the years 1939 and in 1941, and both times his bid was denied. He attempted to achieve this prestigious distinction again in 1958. This third attempt illuminated the record of this wartime activities and generated an organized opposition to his membership. Charles DeGaulle vetoed his admission. Morand ultimately was granted membership in 1968, but was denied the formal ceremonies that traditionally accompanied the investiture of new members—DeGaulle refused to receive him at the Elysée Palace.[1]
It is believed that Morand never re-assessed his elitist worldview and political ideology, resolutely retaining his mindset until the end of his life. In interviews he consistently contrived to evade any references to World War II. It is further posited that he and his wife had used their position to make some attempts to aid Jewish friends, but that this was done to dramatize the influence and power they held in the Nazi regime, rather than a demonstration of their humanity. He never came to recognize the suffering, which millions endured under totalitarianism.[1]
Legacy[edit]
Ezra Pound, who was then living in Paris, translated his first volume of short stories titled, Tendre Stocks, into English. Marcel Proust supplied the preface. With the publication of two volumes of short stories, Lampes à arc (Arc-Lamps) and Feuilles de température, (Temperature Records), he gained attention and praise that garnered renewed interest in his earlier work. His output was prolific in the inter-war period of the 1920s and 1930s, and tapered off during World War II.[2]Morand made four trips to New York City between 1925 and 1929. He attended soirees which such American cultural notables as Carl Van Vechten, F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda, Louise Bryant and her future husband, diplomat William Bullitt.[7]
In 1930, Morand published his observations of the Manhattan scene in "New-York." Morand explains that he wrote strictly from the viewpoint of the foreign visitor for the foreign reader; he "followed no other method of telling about New York than to show what pleased me." [8]
Reviewing the book, one critic noted that Morand "keeps on repeating the contemporary bromide that ‘the Jews own New York, the Irish run it, and the Negroes enjoy it...Italians hardly can be assimilated.’" Speakeasies, Morand had concluded: "I can not think of anything sadder." New York City's theatre/entertainment district, the Broadway thoroughfare and its central hub Times Square, suggested to Morand an apocalyptic future:[8]
- "[Broadway is] a profanation of everything of music, of art, of love, of colors. Here I have a complete vision of the end of the world." [8]
- "I love New York because it is the greatest city in the universe...the only people who after the war [World War I] went on building...besides Italy, who do not demolish but construct."[8]
In 1945, Morand traveled to St. Moritz at the request of Coco Chanel who had enlisted him to write her memoirs. The result was "The Allure of Chanel", a slim volume promoted as a conversation between the author and his subject.
Morand's post-World War II literary output concentrated on historical novellas. He devised exotic locales and historical events as metaphors for contemporary politics — "decoding the past as a link to the present." The plots, replete with counter-revolutionaries, nobility unjustly victimized, highlighted collaborationist heroes seeking redemption. In these works Morand was making a case for himself; his fictional characters serving as proxies for an apologist justification of his own wartime activity. "...Many of Morand's historical figures...[can be] likened to a comedian, accidentally thrust into the unfolding drama of history...a comedy of errors...[the characters] merely symbols." Parfait de Saligny appeared in 1946. La Flagellant de Séville, 1946, draws parallels between the Napoleonic wars and the Nazi occupation of Europe. La Folle amoureuse, Montociel: le rajah aux grandes Indes, were published in 1947.[10]
Not all critics were laudatory. While acknowledging his masterful use of language, they cited the lack of substance in his observations and tendency towards generalizations. It was said his characters were not fully realized portraits but presented to the reader as exaggerated personages, crafted for effect.[2]
Over time, critical appraisal of Morand's work has undergone revision. While recognized for his technique, the content of his work has been faulted for its lack of insightful analysis of a people in cultural context, instead relying on generalizations and stereotype. His work speaks to the:
- "marked insistence on reinforcing preconceptions about national characteristics...It "conveys not just a failure of humane sympathy but a political outlook that posits the Spenglerian collapse of Western civilization into chaos." [1]
Death[edit]
Morand died in Paris on July 24, 1976, at the age of eighty-eight.Bibliography[edit]
- Fouquet ou Le Soleil offusqué, éditions Gallimard, Paris, 1961
- Tendres Stocks (1921–24), translated into English as Fancy Goods by Ezra Pound[11] – 'fond memories of women Morand had known before and during the 1914-18 War' [12]
- Ouvert la nuit (1922)
- Fermé la nuit (1923)
- Bouddha vivant (1928)
- L'Europe galante
- Bucarest (1935)
- L'Homme pressé (1941)
- Le Bazar de la Charité (1944)
- Venises (1970)
- Journal inutile (mémoires, en 2 volumes, 2002)
- Rien que la terre
- Magie noire (1927)
- Paris-Tombouctou
- New York (1929)
- Champions du monde (1930)
- Papiers d'identité (1930)
- Air indien
- Londres
- Rococo
- La Route des Indes
- L'heure qu'il est, chroniques de cet infatigable voyageur
- Le Dernier Jour de l'Inquisition
- Le Flagellant de Séville
- Le Coucou et le Roitelet
- L'Eau sous les ponts
- Hécate et ses chiens
- La Folle amoureuse
- Fin de siècle (1957)
- Nouvelles d'une vie
- Les Écarts amoureux
Paul Morand
Author profile
born
in Paris, France
March 13, 1888
died
July 24, 1976
gender
male
genre
About this author
***
Paul Morand (March 13, 1888 – July 24, 1976) was a French author whose short stories and novellas were lauded for their style, wit and descriptive power. His most productive literary period was the inter-war period of the 1920s and 1930s. He was much admired by the upper echelons of society and the artistic avant-garde who made him a cult favorite. He has been categorized as an early Modernist, and Imagist.
Morand was a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, preparing him for a diplomatic career, and also attended Oxford University. A member of the upper class and married into wealth, he held various diplomatic posts and traveled widely. His was typical of those in his social group who enjoyed lives of privilege and entitlement, adhering to the inevitability and desirability of class distinction.
Morand espoused a reflexive adherence to racial, ethnic and anti-Semitic ideologies. His intellectual influences included the writing of Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler, and the author of a treatise on the superiority of the white race, Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. During World War II, he pledged allegiance to the French Vichy regime, and became a government functionary, and Nazi collaborator. He served as Vichy ambassador in Romania and Switzerland during World War II.
Morand was a patron and inspirational figure for the Hussards literary movement, which opposed Existentialism.
Morand made four bids for admission to the prestigious Académie française and was finally accepted in 1968, over the protest of Charles de Gaulle.
Morand was a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, preparing him for a diplomatic career, and also attended Oxford University. A member of the upper class and married into wealth, he held various diplomatic posts and traveled widely. His was typical of those in his social group who enjoyed lives of privilege and entitlement, adhering to the inevitability and desirability of class distinction.
Morand espoused a reflexive adherence to racial, ethnic and anti-Semitic ideologies. His intellectual influences included the writing of Friedrich Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler, and the author of a treatise on the superiority of the white race, Joseph Arthur de Gobineau. During World War II, he pledged allegiance to the French Vichy regime, and became a government functionary, and Nazi collaborator. He served as Vichy ambassador in Romania and Switzerland during World War II.
Morand was a patron and inspirational figure for the Hussards literary movement, which opposed Existentialism.
Morand made four bids for admission to the prestigious Académie française and was finally accepted in 1968, over the protest of Charles de Gaulle.
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