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Patrick Hemingway | |
|---|---|
 Hemingway with father Ernest (center), sister Gloria (right) and kittens at Finca Vigía, Cuba, c. 1943 | |
| Born | Patrick Miller Hemingway June 28, 1928 Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. |
| Died | September 2, 2025 (aged 97) Bozeman, Montana, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Harvard University (B.A.) |
| Occupations |
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| Spouses | Henrietta Broyles (m. 1950; died 1963)Carol Thompson (m. 1982; died 2023) |
| Children | 1 |
| Parents | |
| Relatives |
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Patrick Miller Hemingway (June 28, 1928 – September 2, 2025) was an American wildlife manager and writer who was novelist Ernest Hemingway's second son, and the first born to Hemingway's second wife Pauline Pfeiffer.[1] During his childhood he travelled frequently with his parents, and then attended Harvard University, graduated in 1950, and shortly thereafter moved to East Africa where he lived for 25 years. In Tanzania, Patrick was a professional big-game hunter and for over a decade he owned a safari business.[2] In the 1960s he was appointed by the United Nations to the Wildlife Management College in Tanzania as a teacher of conservation and wildlife. In the 1970s he moved to Montana where he managed the intellectual property of his father's estate. He edited his father's unpublished novel about a 1950s safari to Africa and published it with the title True at First Light (1999).
Personal life
Born in Kansas City, Missouri, on June 28, 1928,[3][1] Hemingway traveled with his parents to Europe in 1929 and again in 1933, to Wyoming and Idaho during his summers, though his permanent residence was in Key West.[4][5][6] In 1940, his parents divorced, after which his father married Martha Gellhorn. After their marriage, they moved to Cuba where Patrick visited often.[7] At the beginning of World War II, Hemingway helped crew his father's boat, the Pilar, on improvised missions to hunt for German U-boats operating in the Gulf of Mexico.[7] Patrick attended Stanford University for two years, transferred to Harvard and graduated in 1950 with a BA in History and Literature.[4][8]
Hemingway, Ken Burns's six-hour documentary on Hemingway's life and writing, contains photographs and film footage of Hemingway, including interviews with him about his life with his father.[9]
Hemingway was married to Henrietta Broyles, with whom he had a daughter, Mina Hemingway (born 1960).[10] He remarried after Broyles's death, to Carol Thompson.[11] He died on September 2, 2025, in Bozeman, Montana, at the age of 97.[3]
Africa
Having studied agriculture at his mother's plantation in Piggott, Arkansas, Hemingway used his inheritance after her death to buy a 2,300-acre (9.3 km2) farm near Dar-es-Salaam.[12] He and his wife moved to Africa, where he lived for 25 years.[6] Hemingway lived for much of his life in Tanganyika where he ran a safari expedition company, served as a white hunter to wealthy patrons, and as an honorary game warden in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania.[2] He started his safari business, called Tanganyika Safari Business, near Mount Kilimanjaro in 1955, which he gave up in the early 1960s when his wife was ill.[12] For 12 years he taught conservation of wildlife at the College of African Wildlife Management in Tanzania, as part of his job as forestry officer in the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. The College of African Wildlife Management at Mweka trains armed officers to enforce wildlife protection laws in Sub-Saharan Africa.[4]
Hemingway's father Ernest died in 1961,[13] and his wife Henrietta died in 1963.[1] When he left Africa he moved to Bozeman, Montana, where he lived from 1975 until his death.[1][6] He oversaw the management of Ernest Hemingway's intellectual property, which includes projects in publishing, electronic media, and movies in the United States and worldwide.[4]
True at First Light
Hemingway edited his father's "Africa book" that was published in 1999 with the title True at First Light. The book is a blend of fact and fiction from the East Africa expedition Ernest and fourth wife Mary went on from late 1953 to early 1954, in part to visit Patrick and his wife.[14][15] Toward the end of the trip Ernest Hemingway was in two successive plane crashes and was reported dead.[16] He sustained a severe head injury which went largely undiagnosed until he left Africa.[17] Upon his return to Cuba he worked sporadically on True at First Light, but eventually set it aside.[14]
The manuscript was in the John F. Kennedy Library Hemingway Archives, and Patrick edited the 800 pages down to half the size of the original.[14] He had been present with his father during much of the expedition and was familiar with the events of Africa during that year, which he describes in the foreword to True at First Light.[14][18]
Additional writing
Hemingway contributed the introductions to the 1990 edition of Ernest Hemingway's Green Hills of Africa[19] and the 1991 edition of Valley of Life: Africa's Great Rift;[20] the forewords to the 2003 posthumous collections Hemingway on Hunting[21] and Hemingway on War;[22] and a foreword to the 2009 restored edition of his father's A Moveable Feast.[23] For the 2012 special edition of A Farewell to Arms, containing all 47 alternative endings, Patrick wrote a personal foreword.[24] In 2022, he published Dear Papa, a collection of correspondence between him and his father.[25]
References
- Oliver p.148
- Patrick Hemingway Papers Archived July 11, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Princeton University Library. Retrieved February 9, 2010
- McFadden, Robert D. (September 3, 2025). "Patrick Hemingway, Ernest's Devoted Second Son, Is Dead at 97". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 3, 2025. Retrieved September 3, 2025.
- "About Patrick Hemingway". The Hemingway Review. 19 (1): 6. 1999.
- Mellow pp. 385–427
- Hemingway on Hemingway Archived February 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Idaho Mountain Express. Retrieved February 9, 2010
- Mellow p. 523
- Meyers p. 497
- Cain, Brooke (April 5, 2021). "What to Watch on Monday: The start of Ken Burns' 'Hemingway' documentary". newsobserver.com. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
- Torralbas, Kathy (December 2, 2006). "Hemingway's granddaughter's bookstore serves niche market in Naples". Naples Daily News.
- Italie, Hillel (September 3, 2025). "Patrick Hemingway, Ernest Hemingway's last surviving child, dies at 97". Associated Press.
- Meyers p. 498
- Oliver p.141
- Ralph Blumenthal (August 24, 1998). "A New Book by Hemingway". The New York Times.
- Mellow p. 583
- Mellow p. 586
- Mellow p. 588
- Hemingway, Ernest (1999). Patrick Hemingway (ed.). True at First Light. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-7432-4176-2.
- "Green hills of Africa / Ernest Hemingway ; introduction by Patrick Hemingway ; decorations by Edward Shenton". Library of Congress. LCCN 91228472. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
- "Valley of life : Africa's Great Rift / Chris Johns, photographs and text ; Patrick Hemingway, introduction". Library of Congress. LCCN 91008507. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
- "Hemingway on hunting / Ernest Hemingway ; edited and with an introduction by Seán Hemingway ; foreword by Patrick Hemingway". Library of Congress. LCCN 2003054499. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
- "Hemingway on war / Ernest Hemingway ; edited and with an introduction by Seán Hemingway ; foreword by Patrick Hemingway". Library of Congress. LCCN 2003057393. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
- "A moveable feast : the restored edition / Ernest Hemingway ; foreword by Patrick Hemingway ; edited, with an introduction, by Seán Hemingway". Library of Congress. LCCN 2009017587. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
- Bosman, Julie (July 4, 2012). "To Use and Use Not". The New York Times. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
- "Dear Papa : the letters of Patrick and Ernest Hemingway / prologue and epilogue by Patrick Hemingway ; edited by Brendan Hemingway and Stephen Adams". Library of Congress. LCCN 2022002401. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
Sources
- "About Patrick Hemingway". The Hemingway Review. 19 (1): 6. 1999.
- Mellow, James R. (1992). Hemingway: A Life Without Consequences. New York: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-37777-3.
- Meyers, Jeffrey (1985). Hemingway: A Biography. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-42126-4.
- Oliver, Charles M. (1999). Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Checkmark. ISBN 0-8160-3467-
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Patrick Hemingway, Ernest’s Devoted Second Son, Is Dead at 97
Inspired by his parents’ travels, he spent much of his life in Africa and helped complete his father’s safari memoir. He also published a volume of father-son letters. He was Ernest Hemingway’s last surviving child.
Patrick Hemingway, the second son of the novelist Ernest Hemingway, who became a safari guide and big-game hunter in Africa, completed a book his father had started and published a volume of their letters, died on Tuesday at his home in Bozeman, Mont. His father’s last surviving child, he was 97.
His death was confirmed by Bettina Klinger, a representative of the Hemingway family.
Of Hemingway’s three children, Patrick came closest to simulating, though hardly emulating, his father, who won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature, the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for fiction and renown for novels and short stories drawn from his life as a World War I ambulance driver, a journalist in the Spanish Civil War and a man obsessed with bullfighting, deep-sea fishing and women who were as challenging as he was.
Hemingway’s first son, Jack, was an avid fly fisherman who fished in Europe between battles in World War II. He had difficulty finding a postwar career until he became Idaho’s fish and game commissioner in the 1970s. He died in 2000.
Hemingway’s third child, Gloria Hemingway, was a physician who struggled with alcohol abuse. She wrote a memoir, “Papa” (1976), before undergoing transition surgery later in life. She died in 2001.
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Affectionately known within the family as Mouse, Patrick was born to Hemingway’s second wife, Pauline Pfeiffer, a wealthy Roman Catholic American journalist who became Vogue’s correspondent in Paris. They married there in 1927 after a whirlwind romance and Hemingway’s conversion to Catholicism.
Patrick traveled often with his parents and was drawn to Africa by his father’s 1935 nonfiction book, “Green Hills of Africa,” about a monthlong safari there with Pauline in 1933. It described the thrilling terrors of a charging rhino that Ernest shot dead in Tanganyika, now Tanzania.
Seeking adventure, Patrick, at 23, moved to the continent and worked on commercial safaris for two years. He then founded his own company in Tanganyika, taking patrons through Serengeti National Park, where elephants, lions, leopards, Cape buffaloes and rhinos roamed free, and to Kilimanjaro National Park, home to Africa’s highest peak.
In 1953 and early 1954, Ernest and his fourth wife, Mary Welsh, who were living in Cuba at the time, went on a 10-week trip to East Africa. Patrick joined them on a safari, and his father told him about a blend of fiction and memoir he was planning. The trip ended badly: Hemingway was seriously injured in two small-plane crashes on successive days. A severe head injury went undiagnosed until he returned home.
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He soon began the book, “True at First Light.” The title came from a passage he wrote about a mirage: “In Africa a thing is true at first light and a lie by noon and you have no more respect for it than for the lovely, perfect weed-fringed lake you see across the sun-baked salt plain. You have walked across that plain in the morning and you know that no such lake is there. But now it is there, absolutely true, beautiful and believable.” He never finished the project.
Patrick, however, completed it. His father had written 200,000 words before abandoning the manuscript. Patrick cut it in half and finished the text with what he understood to be his father’s intended story, having discussed it with him during the expedition. He wrote an introduction and published the book in 1999.
He also wrote a foreword to the 2016 edition of “Green Hills of Africa”; a foreword to a 2009 edition of his father’s Paris memoir, “A Moveable Feast,” recast by Patrick’s nephew Seán Hemingway, a son of Gloria’s; and a foreword to a 2012 edition of “A Farewell to Arms,” including 47 alternate endings that Hemingway had suggested. In 2022, Patrick published “Dear Papa,” a collection of 120 letters that he and his father had exchanged over some 30 years.
Hemingway left Cuba in 1960 and moved to the Sun Valley town of Ketchum, Idaho. There, on July 2, 1961, he killed himself with a shotgun blast. Interviewed in 2023 by the CBS television affiliate KBZK in Bozeman, Patrick said his father’s alcohol abuse had probably played a part in his depression and suicide.
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“Under proper treatment, he would have had a nice old age,” he said, and then added with a laugh, “Although there’s no such thing as a nice old age.”
Patrick Miller Hemingway (sharing his father’s middle name) was born in Kansas City, Mo., on June 28, 1928, on a stopover during his parents’ travels. He grew up mostly in Key West, Fla., where his father kept his writing studio. As a boy, Patrick had tutors, attended private schools and spent summers in Wyoming and Idaho.
“I was taught to hunt by my father on our trips to Idaho, and I learned to fish in the Caribbean aboard his boat, the Pilar,” he recalled in an interview for this obituary in 2023. “I had a wonderfully privileged life, and I tried to make the most of it.”
In 1940, when Patrick was 12, his parents divorced, and his father married Martha Gellhorn, a novelist and journalist who met Hemingway while covering the Spanish Civil War in the late 1930s. They were divorced in 1945, and the next year Hemingway married Mary Welsh, also a former war correspondent and Patrick’s last stepmother.
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Patrick graduated from Canterbury, a Catholic boarding school in New Milford, Conn., in 1946, attended Stanford University for two years and graduated from Harvard in 1950 with a bachelor’s degree in art history and literature. He married Henrietta Broyles that year.
After his mother died, in 1951, Mr. Hemingway and his wife moved to Africa and used his inheritance to buy a 2,300-acre farm in Tanganyika. They had a daughter, Edwina, known as Mina.
Mr. Hemingway founded his safari business in Tanganyika in 1955. He gave it up in the early 1960s after his wife became ill. For more than a decade, he taught wildlife conservation at the College of African Wildlife Management in Tanzania. He was also a forestry officer for the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.
His wife died in 1963. In 1975, he returned with his daughter to the United States and settled in Bozeman. He married Carol Thompson, a theater arts professor at the City College of New York, in 1982. She died in 2023. He is survived by his daughter, Edwina Hemingway; four grandchildren; and seven great-grandchildren.
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Mr. Hemingway oversaw the intellectual property of his father’s estate. “I was the only person who seemed to be interested, and I was uniquely qualified,” he said in the 2023 Times interview.
One qualification, he said, was the rapport he had with his father, as evidenced by the letters they exchanged. “Most of the things that he liked, I liked, too,” he told KBZK in 2023, “and this was especially true of reading and literature.”
“We were on the same wavelength,” he added.
Mr. Hemingway said he never felt diminished living in the shadow of a famous father.
“I enjoyed being his son,” he said. “It didn’t bother me because I don’t think that I was terribly ambitious. I never was. I didn’t want to win a Nobel Prize.”
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